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Knott family
The Knott family of lighthouse keepers is credited with the longest period of continuous service in the history of manned lighthouses, commencing in 1730〔D Alan Stevenson, "The World's Lighthouses Before 1820", Oxford University Press, 1959, p103〕 at South Foreland, Kent, with William Knott〔Stevenson reports that it was Henry who started at South Foreland. However, parish records show that it was William.〕 and ending in 1906 at Skerries (Anglesey, Wales) with Henry Thomas Knott (son of George Knott – see below) who died in 1910 having retired to Crewe. There are three famous lighthouse-keeping families in England, the other two being the Darling (see: Grace Darling) and the Hall families. The three families are inter-related.〔http://www.pharology.eu/LighthouseKeepers.html〕
==South Foreland==
Much of the contribution of the Knott family to lighthouse keeping was made at South Foreland Lighthouse where members oversaw many changes in lighting technology from coal fires to electricity. Two fixed white lights were exhibited as a 'high' and a 'low' light from the South Foreland from 1634. These were simple coal fires until 1793, during the time of William's service from 1730 and Henry's from 1777. In 1793, 53 cm (21-inch) diameter parabolic reflectors were used to magnify the light from burning sperm oil. In 1842/3 the towers of both lighthouses were partly rebuilt and the keepers and their families at both lighthouses benefitted from entirely new accommodation. Henry Thomas and his sons, George and John, were present in the late 1850s when Michael Faraday and Professor Holmes carried out the first experiments with electricity as a light source. Much work on the electrification of the lights continued from 1869.〔James N Douglass, Paper 1639, Minutes of the Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, London, 25 March 1879.〕
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